THROAT
TONSILLITIS
Infection of the tonsil is common in children but also seen in adults. The patient has pain in throat, pain during swallowing food, fever, body ache. Oral medicines are treatment of choice. Tonsil removal is indicated if patient has frequent tonsil infections or there is spread of the infection to area around the tonsil.
Adenoid Enlargement
Adenoids are lymphoid tissues similar to the tonsils. They are located behind the nose. They enlarge in size, commonly in children less than 12 years, and block the nose. They result in repeated ear infections, open mouth breathing, snoring. Other problems like overcrowding of upper teeth, dull expression can crop up due to this problem.
PHARYNGITIS / LARYNGITIS
This is infection of the throat wall. Throat pain, pain during swallowing food are symptoms. Oral medications are treatment of choice. LARYNGITIS This is infection or swelling of the voice box. Change of voice with or without throat pain is seen. Voice rest, steam inhalation are explained along with oral medication to reduce the swelling and pain.
VOCAL CORD NODULE OR POLYP
Hoarseness of voice or tiredness of voice is the complaint. This condition is common in school teachers , stage performers where excessive use of voice is needed. Early vocal nodules maybe be reversed after voice rest , oral medication and speech therapy. Generally, these conditions need patient to undergo Microlaryngeal Surgery( MLS). Postoperative speech therapy maybe given.
Neck swelling
Swelling in the neck could be due to the swelling of thyroid gland, lymph node, glands secreting saliva, blood vessels, muscles in the neck.
TONSILLECTOMY
Removal of the tonsils is tonsillectomy. It is done without any external incision, through the mouth. The surgery is performed most commonly in children with recurrent attacks of tonsillar infection. It can also be done in adults for similar problems. Few other reasons for tonsil removal include swelling of a single tonsil, in surgeries for sleep apnoea, during removal of steroid process. Various technologies used for tonsillectomy, include cold steel method which is the conventional technique, co ablators ,electrocautery etc. After the operation, the patient is given cold diet for a day, soft diet for 2 days. Regular diet and routine generally starts 2-3 days after the surgery.
ADENOID REMOVAL
The child is given general anaesthesia and removal of the adenoid tissue is done through the mouth, using the endoscope through the nose to see the adenoids. Curette or co ablator is used for removal.
MICRO LARYNGEAL SURGERY
The surgeries done on the vocal cords using a microscope are micro laryngeal surgeries or MLS. The causes of change of voice or hoarseness of voice can be many. The cause is reconfirmed during surgery under magnification and remedial measures are taken. The polyp, nodule, mass or irregularity of the vocal cords is removed. These samples can be sent for further testing. The child is given general anaesthesia and removal of the adenoid tissue is done through the mouth, using the endoscope through the nose to see the adenoids. Curette or co ablator is used for removal.
FOREIGN BODY REMOVAL
Removal of foreign bodieslodged in the tonsil, anywhere else in the throat or upper food pipe are removed using various laryngoscopes. Common foreign bodies are fish bone, coins, dentures, safety pins, chicken pieces.
BIOPSIES
Biopsy for tissue diagnosis is taken from the mouth, nose, ear , throat, larynx and vocal cords using endoscopic approach.
